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1.
São Paulo med. j ; 131(5): 356-362, 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-695332

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Renal artery pseudoaneurysm is a rare complication after renal injury but should be suspected whenever there is recurrent hematuria after renal trauma. CASE REPORTS: We present three cases of pseudoaneurysm after blunt renal trauma and a review of the literature. All patients underwent renal angiography. Two cases were diagnosed during the initial hospital stay due to hematuria, or in the follow-up period during recovery. One patient was hemodynamically unstable. Two patients successfully underwent coil embolization in a single session. In the other case, selective embolization was attempted, but was unsuccessful because artery catheterization was impossible. Procedural and medical success and complications were retrospectively assessed from the patients' records. The clinical presentation, treatment options and clinical decisions are discussed. CONCLUSIONS: Renal artery pseudoaneurysm may develop acutely or even years after the initial injury. Signs and symptoms may have a wide spectrum of presentation. Selective angiographic embolization is an effective treatment that reduces the extent of parenchymal infarction. .


CONTEXTO: Pseudoaneurisma de artéria renal é uma complicação rara após lesão renal, mas deve ser suspeitada quando houver hematúria recorrente após trauma renal. RELATO DE CASOS: Três casos de pseudoaneurisma após trauma renal fechado são apresentados, além de revisão da literatura. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a angiografia renal. Dois dos casos foram diagnosticados durante a estadia hospitalar inicial, por hematúria ou no período de acompanhamento durante a recuperação. Um paciente estava hemodinamicamente instável. Dois pacientes foram submetidos a embolização com coil com sucesso em uma única sessão. No outro caso, a embolização seletiva foi tentada sem sucesso, devido à impossibilidade de cateterização da artéria. O sucesso médico e do procedimento e as complicações foram retrospectivamente avaliados a partir dos registros dos pacientes. A apresentação clínica, opções de tratamento e decisões clínicas são discutidas. CONCLUSÕES: Pseudoaneurisma de artéria renal pode se desenvolver agudamente ou até mesmo anos após o trauma inicial. Sinais e sintomas podem ter um amplo espectro de apresentação. Embolização angiográfica seletiva é um tratamento efetivo, reduzindo a extensão de infarto parenquimatoso. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Aneurysm, False/etiology , Kidney/injuries , Renal Artery/injuries , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/complications , Aneurysm, False , Aneurysm, False/therapy , Embolization, Therapeutic , Hematuria/etiology , Renal Artery , Time Factors , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome , Wounds, Nonpenetrating , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/therapy
2.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 37(3): 307-313, May-June 2011. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-596004

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the success rates of sclerotherapy of the tunica vaginalis with alcohol for the treatment of hydroceles and/or spermatoceles, as well as, evaluation of pain, formation of hematomas, infection and its effects in spermatogenesis . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 69 patients, with offsprings and diagnosis of hydrocele and/or spermatocele, were treated during the period from April 2003 to June 2007. Semen analysis was obtained from patients who were able to provide us with samples. The sclerotherapy with alcohol at 99.5 percent was undertaken as outpatient procedure. RESULTS: The average volume drained pre-sclerotherapy was 279.82 mL (27 to 1145). The median follow-up was 43 months (9 to 80). A total of 114 procedures were performed on 84 units, with an average of 1.35 procedures / unit and an overall success rate of 97.62 percent. Of the 69 patients, 7 (10.14 percent) reported minor pain immediately after the procedure, 3 (4.35 percent) moderate pain and 2 (2.89 percent) intense pain. Post-Sclerotherapy spermograms revealed reduction of the parameters regarding: concentration, motility and morphology up to 6 months post procedure , with return to normal parameters 12th months after procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Sclerotherapy of hydroceles and spermatoceles with 99.5 percent alcohol is an efficient procedure that can be perormed without difficulties, cost-effectiveness, with few side effects and which may be performed in patients who wish fertility.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Ethanol/therapeutic use , Sclerotherapy/methods , Spermatocele/therapy , Testicular Hydrocele/therapy , Hematoma , Pain/chemically induced , Recurrence , Semen Analysis , Semen/drug effects , Spermatocele/pathology , Spermatogenesis/drug effects , Spermatozoa/drug effects , Treatment Outcome , Testicular Hydrocele/pathology
4.
São Paulo med. j ; 128(3): 174-176, May 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-561487

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Ureteral stenosis and ureterohydronephrosis may be serious complications of aortoiliac or aortofemoral reconstructive surgery. CASE REPORT: A 62-year-old female patient presented with a six-month history of left lumbar pain. She was a smoker, and had mild chronic arterial hypertension and Takayasu arteritis. She had previously undergone three vascular interventions. In two procedures, Dacron prostheses were necessary. Excretory urography showed moderate left ureterohydronephrosis and revealed a filling defect in the ureter close to where the iliac vessels cross. This finding was compatible with ureteral stenosis, and the aortoiliac graft may have been the reason for this inflammatory process. The patient underwent laparotomy, which showed that there was a relationship between the ureteral stenosis and the vascular prosthesis. Segmental ureterectomy and end-to-end ureteroplasty with the ureter crossing over the prosthesis anteriorly were performed. There were no complications. The early and late postoperative periods were uneventful. The patient evolved well and the results from a new excretory urogram were normal. We concluded that symptomatic ureterohydronephrosis following aortoiliac graft is a real complication and needs to be quickly diagnosed and treated by urologists.


INTRODUÇÃO: Estenose ureteral e ureterohidronefrose podem ser sérias complicações da cirurgia reconstrutiva aorto-femoral ou aorto-ilíaca. RELATO DE CASO: Uma paciente de 62 anos apresentou-se referindo história de dor lombar a esquerda há seis meses. Ela era fumante, portadora de hipertensão arterial crônica leve e arterite de Takayasu. Havia sido submetida a três intervenções vasculares. Em dois procedimentos o uso de prótese de Dacron foi necessário. Uma urografia excretora revelou moderada ureterohidronefrose à esquerda e falha de enchimento no ureter próximo ao cruzamento dos vasos ilíacos. Esse achado era compatível com uma estenose ureteral e o enxerto aorto-ilíaco poderia ser a causa do processo inflamatório. A paciente foi submetida a laparotomia, que evidenciou a relação entre estenose ureteral e a prótese vascular. Ureterectomia segmentar e uretroplastia término-terminal com o ureter passando anteriormente à prótese foram realizadas. Não ocorreram complicações. Os períodos de pós-operatório precoce e tardio transcorreram sem intercorrências. A paciente evoluiu bem e uma nova urografia excretora apresenta-se normal. Concluímos que ureterohidronefrose sintomática após enxerto aorto-ilíaco é uma complicação real e precisa ser rapidamente diagnosticada e tratada pelo urologista.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Blood Vessel Prosthesis/adverse effects , Hydronephrosis/etiology , Iliac Artery/surgery , Ureteral Obstruction/etiology , Aorta, Abdominal/surgery
5.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 92(5): e63-e65, maio 2009. ilus
Article in English, Spanish, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-519937

ABSTRACT

Fístula Arteriovenosa Renal (FAVR) é uma causa rara e potencialmente reversível de hipertensão e insuficiência renal e/ou cardíaca. O tratamento da FAVR visa preservar o máximo de parênquima renal e, concomitantemente, erradicar os sintomas e efeitos hemodinâmicos decorrentes da FAVR. No presente estudo, serão relatados três casos de FAVR, incluindo um caso de FAVR idiopática de novo, que se apresentaram com hipertensão e insuficiência renal e/ou cardíaca, e descrever a terapêutica adotada e os resultados obtidos.


The Renal Arteriovenous Fistula (RAVF) is a rare and potentially reversible cause of hypertension and kidney and/or heart failure. The treatment of RAVF aims at preserving the most of the renal parenchyma and, concomitantly, eradicating the symptoms and hemodynamic effects caused by the RAVF. The present study reports three cases of RAVF, including one case of a de novo idiopathic RAVF, which presented with hypertension and kidney and/or heart failure and describes the therapeutic measures used to treat these patients as well as the outcomes.


La Fístula Arteriovenosa Renal (FAVR) es una causa rara y potencialmente reversible de hipertensión e insuficiencia renal y/o cardíaca. El tratamiento de la FAVR busca preservar el máximo de parénquima renal y, concomitantemente, erradicar los síntomas y efectos hemodinámicos resultantes de la FAVR. En el presente estudio, se relatarán tres casos de FAVR, incluyendo un caso de FAVR idiopática de novo, que se presentaron con hipertensión e insuficiencia renal y/o cardíaca, y describir la terapéutica adoptada y los resultados obtenidos.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Arteriovenous Fistula/complications , Hypertension/etiology , Renal Artery , Renal Veins , Arteriovenous Fistula/diagnosis , Heart Failure/etiology , Renal Insufficiency
6.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 53(3): 326-331, Apr. 2009. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-517675

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the aberrant expression of the GIPR and LHCGR in different forms of adrenocortical hyperplasia: ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (AIMAH), primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD) and diffuse adrenal hyperplasia secondary to Cushing's disease (DAHCD). METHODS: We quantified GIPR and LHCGR expressions using real time PCR in 20 patients with adrenocortical hyperplasia (seven with AIMAH, five with PPNAD, and eight with DAHCD). Normal adrenals tissues were used as control and the relative expression was compared with β-actin. RESULTS: GIPR and LHCGR expressions were demonstrated in all tissues studied. Median GIPR and LHCGR mRNA levels were 1.6; 0.4; 0.5 and 1.3; 0.9; 1.0 in adrenocortical tissues from AIMAH, PPNAD and DAHCD respectively. There were no differences between GIPR and LHCGR expressions in all tissues studied. CONCLUSIONS: GIPR and LHCGR overexpression were not identified in the studied cases, thus suggesting that this molecular mechanism is not involved in adrenocortical hyperplasia in our patients.


OBJETIVO: Analisar a expressão aberrante do GIPR e do LHCGR em diferentes formas de hiperplasias adrenocorticais: hiperplasia adrenal macronodular independente de ACTH (AIMAH), doença adrenocortical nodular pigmentada primária (PPNAD) e hiperplasia adrenal difusa secundária à doença de Cushing (DAHCD). MÉTODOS: Quantificou-se por PCR em tempo real a expressão desses receptores em 20 pacientes: sete com AIMAH, cinco com PPNAD e oito com DAHCD. Adrenais normais foram utilizadas como controle e a expressão relativa desses receptores foi comparada à expressão da β-actina. RESULTADOS: A expressão desses receptores foi demonstrada em todos os tecidos estudados. A mediana da expressão do GIPR e do LHCGR foi de 1,6; 0,4; 0,5 e de 1,3; 0,9; 1,0 nos tecidos dos pacientes com AIMAH, PPNAD e DAHCD, respectivamente. Não houve diferença significativa na expressão desses receptores nos tecidos estudados. CONCLUSÕES: Hiperexpressão do GIPR e do LHCGR não foi observada, sugerindo que esse mecanismo não está envolvido na patogênese molecular da hiperplasia adrenal nesses pacientes.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Adrenal Cortex Diseases/metabolism , Adrenal Glands/pathology , Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion/metabolism , Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone/metabolism , Receptors, LH/metabolism , Actins/metabolism , Adrenal Cortex Diseases/genetics , Adrenal Glands/metabolism , Hyperplasia/metabolism , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion/genetics , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , RNA, Messenger/genetics , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone/genetics , Receptors, LH/genetics , Young Adult
7.
Clinics ; 64(5): 393-396, 2009. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-514739

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Chronic testicular pain remains an important challenge for urologists. Currently, the treatment plan is primarily empirical, with the first approach consisting of clinical measures. However, some patients remain in pain despite a conservative treatment protocol and, for them, it is possible to perform a surgical procedure that involves severing the scrotal and spermatic branches of the genitofemoral and ilioinguinal nerve fibers. METHODS: In our institution, 60 patients were evaluated and treated for idiopathic chronic testicular pain between January 2003 and July 2007. Priority was give to clinical treatment, which evolved from simple to more complex measures. Microsurgical treatment was performed on those who experienced no considerable pain relief (10 individuals in our study). RESULTS: Over a twenty-four-month follow-up period, 70 percent of patients showed complete remission and 20 percent exhibited partial relief from pain.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Denervation/methods , Microsurgery/methods , Pain/surgery , Spermatic Cord/innervation , Testicular Diseases/surgery , Chronic Disease , Follow-Up Studies , Remission Induction , Spermatic Cord/surgery , Young Adult
8.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 7(4)2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-541620

ABSTRACT

Objective: To study bladder involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus patients through clinical and laboratorial evaluation, ultrasonography, radiological and endoscopic examination. Methods: Thirty-nine patients, either outpatients or inpatients at the Department of Rheumatology of Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina from Universidade de São Paulo were evaluated as to clinical and laboratorial data. All patients were submitted to ultrasonographic evaluation of the upper urinary tract, radiological and endoscopic examinations of the middle and lower urinary tracts. Results: Mean age of patients varied between 13 and 62 years (median = 29 years). Thirty-six were females and three were males. The disease varied from 6 months to 22 years (median three years and one month). Clinical and laboratory activity of the disease was present in 30 patients. Twenty-two patients had the diagnosis of lupus established for three years or more. Twenty-five patients were asymptomatic and all had received corticosteroids for treatment at least once. Twenty-three received antimalarial drugs; ten received cytostatics, and seven patients received non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. Upper urinary tract ultrasonography was normal in all cases but one with staghorn calculus associated with neurogenic bladder secondary to neurological involvement by the disease. Vesicoureteral reflux was observed in two cases. Other two patients had significant post-voiding residual urine, both with neurogenic bladder secondary to nervous system involvement by lupus. The average bladder maximum capacity in an awaken patient was 342 mL, and was decreased in 18.9% of cases. This subgroup of patients presented a greater frequency of urinary symptoms and greater use of cytostatic drugs (Z > Z5%). A pathognomonic cystoscopic pattern of bladder involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus could not be established. Cystoscopic aspects similar to those seen in the initial or minor forms of interstitial cystitis were present in 43.2% of patients. This finding was more frequent when cytostatic drugs were used for treating the disease. Conclusions: There was bladder involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus, even in asymptomatic patients, demonstrated by the occurrence of cystoscopic abnormalities or by reduced bladder maximum capacity associated with the presence of suprapubic pain, urinary irritation symptoms and the use of cytostatic drugs.


Objetivo: Estudar o envolvimento vesical em pacientes com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES) por meio de avaliações clínica, laboratorial, ultrassonográfica e de estudos radiológico e endoscópico. Métodos: Trinta e nove pacientes ambulatoriais ou internados no Serviço de Reumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo foram avaliados clínica e laboratorialmente. Todos foram submetidos à avaliação do trato urinário superior por meio da ultrassonografia, e a exames radiológicos e endoscópicos para a avaliação dos tratos médio e inferior. Resultados: A idade dos pacientes variou de 13 a 62 anos (mediana = 29 anos). Trinta e seis pacientes eram do sexo feminino e três do sexo masculino. O tempo de doença variou de seis meses a 22 anos (mediana = três anos e um mês). Trinta pacientes apresentavam atividade da doença na ocasião do estudo. O diagnóstico de lúpus havia sido estabelecido havia três anos ou mais em 22 pacientes. Vinte e cinco pacientes eram assintomáticos em relação às queixas urinárias e todos haviam feito uso de corticoides em alguma fase do tratamento. Vinte e três receberam antimaláricos; dez, citostáticos e sete anti-inflamatórios não-hormonais. A ultrassonografia do trato urinário superior foi normal em todos os casos, exceto um que apresentou cálculo coraliforme associado à bexiga neurogênica devido a envolvimento neurológico pelo lúpus. Refluxo vésico-ureteral foi demonstrado em dois pacientes e, em outros dois casos, observava-se grande resíduo pós-miccional secundário à lesão neurológica pela doença de base. A média da capacidade vesical máxima com paciente desperto foi de 342 ml e, em 18,9% dos casos este parâmetro estava diminuído. Este subgrupo apresentou maior incidência de manifestações urinárias e maior frequência de emprego de citostáticos (Z > Z5%). Não se caracterizou padrão diacrítico de participação vesical na doença. Em 43,2% dos pacientes, detectaram-se aspectos cistoscópicos semelhantes aos descritos para a forma precoce ou menor de cistite intersticial, guardando dependência apenas com o emprego de citostáticos no tratamento do lúpus eritematoso sistêmico. Conclusões: Demonstrou-se o envolvimento vesical no lúpus eritematoso sistêmico, mesmo em pacientes assintomáticos e que se manifestou pela ocorrência de alterações cistoscópicas e pela diminuição da capacidade vesical máxima em paciente desperto, estando esta associada à presença de dor suprapúbica à repleção vesical e manifestações irritativas urinárias, bem como ao uso de citostáticos.

9.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 7(4)2009. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-541621

ABSTRACT

Objectives: to study pathological data from bladders of systemic lupus erythematosus patients, correlate them to clinical events and the use of therapeutic drugs, and compare them to bladder histopathological findings in individuals not affected by systemic lupus erythematosus. Methods: thirty-nine out or inpatients of the Department of Rheumatology at Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus were clinically and cystoscopically evaluated. Bladder biopsy was also performed. As a normal parameter, bladders taken from 20 corpses collected at the Death Verification Department of São Paulo city, without autolysis or evidence of urinary tract or autoimmune disease were also histologically studied. This group was considered as a Control Group. A correlation among clinical, cystoscopic and histopathological data was carried out. Results: the patients mean age was 29 years (range 13-62). Thirty-six were females and three were males. Twenty-five patients were asymptomatic during the study period. In the Control Group the age range was 20-65 years. Nineteen were females (95%) and one was male (5%). Cystoscopic examination of the group with systemic lupus erythematosus showed interstitial pattern in 16 cases (41.0%) and normal in 15 (38.5%). The bladder was normal in four patients (10.3%). Chronic unspecific cystitis was observed in 18 (46.2%) patients. In the remaining, several alterations were found, including bladder vasculitis in seven patients (17.9%). The mean number of mast cells in the bladder area was 2.223/mm2. In the Control Group, unspecific cystitis was found in three cases (15.0%). No other abnormalities were found. The mean number of mast cells in this group was 0.777/mm2 (±2.7). Chronic unspecific cystitis, bladder vasculitis and the mean number of mast cells were compared with each other and no statistical differences were found (p > 0.05). There were statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding chronic unspecific cystitis and bladder vasculitis (Z = 2.078 > Z5% = 1.645 and Z = 1.777 > Z5% = 1.645) and also mean number of mast cells (Z = 2.387 > Z5% = 1.673). There were statistically significant differences between the proportion of mast cell infiltrate and presence of suprapubic pain as well as use of antimalarial drugs. The other analysis did not show statistically significant differences. There was no statistical evidence of dependence among the events: cystoscopy with interstitial pattern and chronic unspecific cystitis (p > 0.237); cystoscopy with interstitial pattern and bladder vasculitis(p > 0.325); cystoscopy with interstitial pattern and mast cell infiltrate (p > 0.277). Conclusions: the bladder in systemic lupus erythematosus may be involved even in the absence of clinical manifestations. The involvement of the bladder in systemic lupus erythematosus was characterized mainly by the finding of chronic unspecific cystitis, bladder vasculitis and mast cell infiltrate. The presence of chronic unspecific cystitis was significantly greater in patients with the disease than in the Control Group, and the same occurred with bladder vasculitis. The number of mast cells/mm2 was higher than normal in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. This finding was associated to suprapubic pain upon bladder repletion and to use of antimalarial drugs.

10.
Radiol. bras ; 41(1): 55-62, jan.-fev. 2008. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-477725

ABSTRACT

A ressonância magnética é ferramenta importante para a detecção e caracterização dos tumores adrenais. O conhecimento das diferentes apresentações dos tumores primários e secundários à ressonância magnética e sua correlação com dados da histologia são essenciais para o correto raciocínio diagnóstico. Este artigo revisa os aspectos que podem estreitar o diagnóstico diferencial dos tumores adrenais, dando ênfase à correlação histológica daqueles mais comuns.


Magnetic resonance imaging is an important tool for the detection and characterization of adrenal tumors. The knowledge about the different presentations of primary and secondary adrenal tumors at magnetic resonance imaging and their correlation with histological data are essential for the establishment of a correct diagnosis. The present study reviews magnetic resonance imaging aspects which may narrow the differential diagnosis of adrenal tumors, emphasizing the histological correlation of the most frequent ones.


Subject(s)
Adrenal Glands , Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Urogenital Neoplasms/diagnosis , Urogenital Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Diagnostic Imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging
11.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 51(3): 478-487, abr. 2007. ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-452191

ABSTRACT

O hiperaldosteronismo primário (HAP) representa importante causa de hipertensão arterial secundária, potencialmente curável, que tem recebido atenção recente em função do aumento de sua prevalência desde a introdução do rastreamento pelo uso da relação aldosterona/atividade plasmática de renina. Apresentamos caso de HAP causado por provável aldosteronoma, coexistente com adenoma adrenal não-funcionante contra-lateral, o que dificultou o diagnóstico etiológico. Discutimos as formas mais apropriadas de rastrear, confirmar o diagnóstico de HAP e diferenciar as suas diversas etiologias, com destaque para o papel do cateterismo de adrenais no diagnóstico diferencial definitivo entre aldosteronoma e hiperaldosteronismo idiopático, com implicações no sucesso terapêutico.


Primary aldosteronism (PA) represents an important cause of secondary hypertension, potentially curable, and it has been receiving particular attention due to its increasing prevalence, after the beginning of the use of plasma aldosterone concentration to plasma renin activity ratio as a screening method. We present a case of PA caused by an aldosteronoma associated with a contralateral nonfunctioning adrenal adenoma, which resulted in difficulties in the final diagnosis. We discuss the most appropriated tests to screen, confirm the diagnosis of PA and define the etiology of the disorder, especially the adrenal veins sampling to distinguish the aldosteronoma and idiopathic hyperaldosteronism and to guide successful treatment.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Adenoma/diagnosis , Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adrenocortical Adenoma/diagnosis , Hyperaldosteronism/diagnosis , Adenoma/complications , Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms/complications , Adrenocortical Adenoma/complications , Aldosterone/blood , Diagnosis, Differential , Hyperaldosteronism/etiology , Hypertension/complications , Renin/blood , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
12.
São Paulo med. j ; 125(2): 122-123, Mar. 2007. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-454756

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: The risk of paternity after vasectomy is rare but still exists. Overall failure to achieve sterility after vasectomy occurs in 0.2 to 5.3 percent of patients due to technical failure or recanalization. The objective of this report was to describe a rare but notable case of proven paternity in which the semen analyses had not given evidence of spermatozoa. CASE REPORT: A 44-year-old vasectomized man whose semen analyses had shown azoospermia became a father four years after sterilization. Blood sample DNA analysis on the child and husband proved biological paternity. Vasectomy may fail in the long run even without spermatozoa in semen analysis. The patient must be aware of this possibility.


CONTEXTO: O risco de paternidade após vasectomia é raro, mas existente. Falha em atingir esterilidade após vasectomia ocorre em 0.2 por cento a 5.3 por cento dos pacientes devido à falha técnica ou recanalização. O objetivo é descrever um caso raro, mas importante, de paternidade comprovada cujo espermograma mostrava ausência de espermatozóides. RELATO DE CASO: Um homem de 44 anos vasectomizado, cujo espermograma evidenciou azoospermia, tornou-se pai após quatro anos da esterilização. Análise sanguínea por DNA da criança e do marido provou paternidade biológica. Vasectomia pode falhar a longo prazo até com azoospermia no espermograma. O paciente deve estar informado dessa possibilidade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Fertilization , Spermatozoa/chemistry , Treatment Failure , Vasectomy , Azoospermia/diagnosis , DNA Fingerprinting , Postoperative Care , Risk Factors , Semen/chemistry
13.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 51(1): 116-124, fev. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-448373

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar e discutir alguns aspectos da patogênese, do diagnóstico clínico, hormonal e radiológico e do tratamento da síndrome de Nelson, com base no relato de um paciente típico portador da doença, no qual várias abordagens terapêuticas mostraram-se ineficazes.


The aim of this article is to present and discuss several aspects of the pathogenesis, the clinical, hormonal, and imaging diagnosis, and the treatment of Nelson's syndrome, based on a typical patient's report, in whom several therapeutic approaches were shown to be ineffective.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Adrenalectomy/adverse effects , Brachytherapy , Cushing Syndrome/surgery , Nelson Syndrome/therapy , Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Nelson Syndrome/etiology , Nelson Syndrome/prevention & control
16.
Clinics ; 61(6): 529-534, 2006. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-439371

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Patients with end-stage renal failure due to huge autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease usually have an umbilical hernia and rectus abdominis diastasis, which are very troublesome. Pretransplant bilateral nephrectomy techniques does not manage the umbilical hernia and rectus abdominis diastasis. We report our experience in performing bilateral nephrectomy and repairing the rectus abdominis diastasis and umbilical hernia through the one, small incision. METHODS: Four patients aged 37 to 43 years with huge polycystic kidneys, an umbilical hernia, and a rectus abdominis diastasis underwent bilateral pretransplant nephrectomy through a midline supraumbilical incision including the umbilical hernia defect. The kidneys were removed through this incision. The incision was closed with the transposition of rectus abdominis muscle, pants-over-vest-style, to correct the diastasis and the umbilical hernia. RESULTS: The average operative time was 160 minutes (range, 130-180); the average larger kidney size was 33 cm (range, 32-34 cm); no major complications occurred; one patient who had preoperative low hemoglobin required blood transfusion. Patients were discharged from the hospital on postoperative day 7 with an esthetically pleasing belly, no rectus abdominis diastasis, and no umbilical hernia. One to two months after bilateral nephrectomy, the patients received a live donor kidney with an uneventful outcome. CONCLUSION: A midline supraumbilical incision is an excellent approach for bilateral nephrectomy of huge polycystic kidneys. In addition, an umbilical hernia and rectus abdominis diastasis may be successfully repaired through same incision with good cosmetic results.


INTRODUÇÃO: Pacientes com insuficiência renal terminal por Doença Renal Policística Autossômica Dominante geralmente apresentam hérnia umbilical e diástase de músculo reto abdominal, que são muito problemáticas. Técnicas de nefrectomia bilateral pré-transplante não dão atenção à hérnia umbilical e à diástase do músculo reto abdominal. Relatamos nossa experiência com nefrectomia bilateral e correção da diastase de músculo reto abdominal e hérnia umbilical através de uma única pequena incisão. MÉTODOS: Quatro pacientes com idade entre 37 a 43 anos com Doença Renal Policística Autossômica Dominante gigante, hérnia umbilical e diástase do múculo reto abdominal foram submetidos à nefrectomia bilateral pré-transplante através de incisão mediana supra-umbilical incluindo o defeito herniário umbilical. Os rins foram removidos através da pequena incisão mediana. A incisão foi fechada com transposição do músculo reto abdominal tipo jaquetão para corrigir a diastase e a hernia umbilical. RESULTADOS: O tempo operatório médio foi 160 minutos (130-180); o tamanho médio do maior rim foi 33cm (32-34); não ocorreram grandes complicações; um paciente, que tinha baixo nível de hemoglobina pré-operatório e precisou de transfusão sangüínea. Pacientes receberam alta hospitalar no 7° pós-operatório com abdome de boa aparência, sem diástase de músculo reto abdominal e sem hérnia umbilical. Os pacientes receberam enxerto renal de doador vivo um ou dois meses após a nefrectomia bilateral, sem intercorrências. CONCLUSÃO: A incisão mediana supra-umbilical é uma abordagem excelente para nefrectomia bilateral de rins policísticos gigantes. Além disso, a hernia umbilical e a diastase de músculo reto abdominal podem ser corrigidas com sucesso pela mesma incisão, com bons resultados cosméticos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Hernia, Umbilical/surgery , Nephrectomy/methods , Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant/surgery , Rectus Abdominis/surgery , Kidney Failure, Chronic/surgery , Nephrectomy/standards , Postoperative Complications , Preoperative Care
19.
São Paulo med. j ; 123(4): 161-166, jul. 2005. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-414411

ABSTRACT

CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Estudos recentes têm demonstrado diferenças regionais e populacionais quanto a características do sêmen. O objetivo foi estabelecer valores de referência para análise seminal e verificar o efeito da idade, tempo de abstinência sexual, sazonalidade, hábito de fumar e consumo de cafeína sobre as características do sêmen de indivíduos férteis. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo prospectivo, na Divisão de Clínica Urológica do Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Entre setembro de 1999 e agosto de 2002, 500 homens férteis requisitando vasectomia com propósitos de esterilização voluntária foram solicitados a coletar uma amostra de sêmen antes da vasectomia. Avaliamos efeitos da idade, abstinência sexual, sazonalidade, consumo de cigarros e café nas características seminais. RESULTADOS: Quando comparados aos valores da Organização Mundial de Saúde, 87,2 por cento dos pacientes apresentavam morfologia espermática abaixo do normal. Foi observado declínio significativo do volume seminal, motilidade e morfologia em pacientes acima de 45 anos. Em pacientes com cinco dias ou mais de abstinência, houve redução da motilidade. Valores mais baixos para concentração, motilidade e morfologia espermática foram observados no verão e os mais elevados no inverno. Não houve diferenças nos parâmetros seminais estudados de acordo com o hábito de fumar. Com relação ao consumo de café, pacientes que ingeriam seis ou mais xícaras/dia apresentaram maior motilidade espermática. CONCLUSAO: Houve baixa porcentagem de morfologia espermática normal. Apenas a morfologia espermática apresentou alto percentual de anormalidade se levado em consideração o padrão descrito pela Organização Mundial de Saúde. Foram identificadas diferenças nos parâmetros seminais de acordo com a idade, tempo de abstinência sexual, sazonalidade e consumo de café. Não houve diferenças de acordo com o hábito de fumar.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Semen/physiology , Sperm Count , Sperm Motility/physiology , Vasectomy , Age Factors , Caffeine/pharmacology , Prospective Studies , Reference Values , Seasons , Semen/cytology , Semen/drug effects , Sexual Abstinence/physiology , Smoking/adverse effects , Time Factors
20.
Clinics ; 60(1): 51-60, jan.-fev. 2005. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-393841

ABSTRACT

A intensa exposição pela mídia do tema disfunção sexual masculina e o número crescente de tratamentos disponíveis para a disfunção erétil têm resultado num número crescente de homens que procuram consulta e tratamento clínico para este problema, antes considerado como "tabu". Uma vez que o problema geralmente surge no contexto do relacionamento, alguns investigadores aludem às taxas crescentes de disfunção sexual nas parceiras destes homens. Além disso, clínicos, ginecologistas, geriatras e urologistas igualmente estão avaliando pacientes do sexo feminino quanto a vários tipos de disfunção. Em alguns grupos de mulheres com condições crônicas subjacentes, também têm sido observado um aumento nas taxas de disfunção sexual concomitante. Médicos que tenham estabelecido uma boa relação médico-paciente estão em posição única para ajudar com este problema, que em virtude de sua própria característica de intimidade, geralmente é de difícil abordagem para os pacientes. Desta forma, é de extrema importância que estes profissionais tenham conhecimento e sintam-se à vontade para iniciar a avaliação e possivelmente o tratamento da disfunção sexual feminina.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological , Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/diagnosis , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/therapy , Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/diagnosis , Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/therapy , Women's Health
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